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1152 | 449 | Dual nature of circular migration: conceptual and policy challenges | Sándor ILLÉS – Éva GELLÉR-LUKÁCS – Brigitta ZSÓTÉR – Péter SIMONYI

The contribution deals with the international circular migration which has globally become a buzzword in scientific, political, and administrative circles since the new century. We concentrate on a general inner feature of the phenomenon which is the common root of false ideas and measures surrounding human circulation, namely their dual nature. The literature echoes wide variety of conceptualisations of international circular migration. However, the investigation and application of double characteristic is absent. On one hand, circular migration is a type of migration as a simple event, on the other hand that is a repeat process or a complete system. First aim of the presentation is to discuss the event-system dilemma in general and to provide an illustration with empirical evidence come from Hungary in particular. Moreover, the authors try to contribute to the clarification of the general concept of human circular mobilities to foster scholars for sophisticated thinking and stakeholders for adequate policy making in global, regional, national, and local levels. As second aim, we we propose the core elements of a new legal status by national scale, namely circulator, which is a common challenge for scientists and practitioners dealing with the arena of circular mobilities.

Sándor ILLÉS – Éva GELLÉR-LUKÁCS – Brigitta ZSÓTÉR – Péter SIMONYI
Independent researcher, Eötvös Loránd University (Budapest), University of Szeged, Retired researcher

 
ID Abstract: 449

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1152 | | From commuter through migrant till circulator – the governance of territorial mobilities | Sándor Illés (1); Brigitta Zsóter (2); Éva Gellérné-Lukács (3)

The realm of spatial mobility may range from the routine moves of corporeal body to circular and other systems of movements at local, regional, national, international, and global levels. The growing volumes and the increase in frequency of spatial moves have become the megatrend since the collapse of feudalistic regimes worldwide. Several research echoed the interrelationship between the elements of moves. As new phenomena, multiple displacements from one home to another gradually grew during the epoch of globalisation.
The development of political and administrative thinking about migratory politics and policies is in late and/or plans in advance from the point of view of reality. It has been starting the term of migration policy for decades, for instance. Later, a sort of broader concept, namely, the migration management has become more popular in national and international circles. Nowadays, the governance of migration might replace the previous two terms without clear ordering and bordering. This polemical progress reflects the necessity of the creation of original research in these subject matters multiplied by recent crises context.
The aim of this session is to provide fresh ideas for contributors and participants and to clarify the open questions surrounding us. In parallel with the formulation of scientific dialogues, the applied aim of the session is to bear original proposals erected from the concept of the governance of territorial mobilities for policymakers and other stakeholders at many spatial levels. The oral session proposed needs to be in English.

Sándor Illés (1); Brigitta Zsóter (2); Éva Gellérné-Lukács (3)
(1) Active Society Foundation, Migration and Mobility Research Group, Budapest, Hungary, (2) University of Szeged, Faculty of Engineering, Szeged, Hungary, (3) Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Law, Budapest, Hungary

 
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1147 | 446 | Cities rising from the ashes – the experience of post-war rebuild in Hanzeatic cities | Marta Popaszkiewicz

For hundreds of years, wars have changed the cityscapes around the world. Therefore, methods for post-war reconstruction of cities can be learned from those who experienced it in the past. Few years ago architecture students and postgraduates from European universities led by the Iraqi mentor Othman Al-Mashhadani worked together on the research project ‘Cities rising from the ashes’._x000D_
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The aim of their work was prepared to help Iraqi planners, architects and officials to rebuild their cities after the War in Iraq (2013-2017) between Iraq and its allies and the Islamic State (also known as ISIS or ISIL). No one thought that the developed guidelines could ever be useful to one of the European countries – Ukraine. _x000D_
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The analyses concerned the processes of post-war reconstruction of four European Hanzeatic cities – Hamburg (Germany), Gdańsk and Szczecin (Poland), Kaliningrad (Russia). Each of these cities chose another way of rebuild the urban tissue after the World War II. Results of analyses of which example are comparable thanks to which the choice of proper way might be easier._x000D_
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Despite the fact that the analysed processes were carried out many years ago, their assumptions, thanks to their universality and applicability, can be used to this day. Taking into account the current situation in Ukraine, it can certainly be said that they are universal and can be implemented in Ukrainian cities and villages.

Marta Popaszkiewicz
University of Gdansk / Warsaw University of Technology

 
ID Abstract: 446

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1147 | 173 | Systematic study of interaction between population and its natural and cultural heritage in a new thematic atlas of Ukraine | Leonid Rudenko, Alla Bochkovska, Kateryna Polyvach, Viktor Chabanyuk, Svitlana Santalova, Viktoria Podvoyska, Oleksandr Leiberiuk, Margarita Vyshnya

The transition of the countries in the world to a new paradigm of balanced economic, social and ecological spatial development involves the strengthening of the humanitarian aspect._x000D_
The population’s readiness and understanding to preserve and maintain the living environment are important. The Institute of Geography of NASU has created an interactive atlas “Population of Ukraine and its natural and cultural heritage”. The mapping of complex and long-term processes of mutual influence between the population and its natural and cultural heritage has been carried out in it._x000D_
The Atlas consists of separate chapters which are: Introduction; Ukraine in the European humanitarian space; The population of Ukraine as a subject of natural and cultural heritage formation (from the Paleolithic to 2020); Natural and cultural heritage; Protection, preservation, restoration and use of natural and cultural heritage; Information resources._x000D_
The framework of Atlas solutions includes 8 patterns and the framework of the Atlas architecture. The Atlas contains 5 GB of diverse information that is focused on 98 vector maps, texts and photos._x000D_
Informational support of plans for economic and social development at the state and regional levels has to be based on the Atlas developed which is a resource of important information about Ukraine. Its use will help to maintain the balance in the direction of society’s humanization._x000D_
Indirectly, through the development of tourism, the Atlas may promote the creation of new jobs in the regions. It is a source of knowledge for the population and provides methodological and information content for the study in educational institutions._x000D_
The Atlas’ influence on territorial identity preservation is important. In the conditions of war which lead to significant damage to heritage this study is also the basis for further expert evaluations and preservation of information regarding the losses suffered by different regions as a result of Russia’s war in Ukraine.

Leonid Rudenko, Alla Bochkovska, Kateryna Polyvach, Viktor Chabanyuk, Svitlana Santalova, Viktoria Podvoyska, Oleksandr Leiberiuk, Margarita Vyshnya
Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

 
ID Abstract: 173

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1147 | | Basic principles of spatial development in post-war reconstruction of Ukraine | Olha Podushkina (1); Nadiia Antonenko (2); Igor Lialiuk (3); Daria Malchikova (4); Yuriy Palekha (5); Igor Pylypenko (6)

The Russian Federation’s military aggression against Ukraine led to significant destruction of the economic complex and infrastructure of our state, led to the largest forced migration of the population in the European space since World War II, and disrupted permanent connections between individual regions and settlements.
In these conditions, there is an urgent task for development of a spatial model of settlement as the basic scheme for determining the priority areas of urban and economic development, creation of a roadmap for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.
Today, the strategic planning of urban development is not sufficiently coordinated with the planning framework of the country, transport and logistics corridors and zones of ecological networks on all hierarchical spatial planning levels: a radical revision of the entire planning framework for post-war Ukraine is needed, observing ecological and Euro Integration imperatives.
Post-war Ukraine – a unique experimental space to develop a spatial model of settlement with effective logistical links and zoning of areas of priority economic and urban development.
Developing a new strategy of spatial development – an opportunity to overcome the preserved forms of post-Soviet mode of governance, to level out the permanence of corrupt economy and use limited financial and human resources with maximum efficiency.
A key link in this new strategy should be the development of international transport corridors, as well as centers of economic growth. 8 international transport corridors are planned to pass through the territory of Ukraine, including 4 “Cretan” corridors. In July 2022, the EU  included Ukrainian logistics routes in the Trans-European Transport Network. Areas of influence of international transport corridors are defined in the State Strategy of Regional Development for 2021-2027, which was approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
Comparing the areas of influence of international transport corridors on the centers of economic growth allows us to determine the zones of priority urban and economic development, which geographically form a kind of “Ukrainian banana”.
We consider the new spatial model of Ukraine’s settlement as a basis for the creation of a new General Planning Scheme of the territory of Ukraine, which will ensure its spatial integration into the European planning space and contribute to the sustainable development of our country in the post-war period. Presentation in english

Olha Podushkina (1); Nadiia Antonenko (2); Igor Lialiuk (3); Daria Malchikova (4); Yuriy Palekha (5); Igor Pylypenko (6)
(1) Owner and leading project architect of the architectural studio FPA-architect, head of the NA NSAU expert commission, head of the NA NSAU Commission on Copyright and Professional Ethics (Dnipro,Ukraine), (2) Senior Lecturer of the Department of Information Technologies in Architecture, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Ph.D. (Kyiv, Ukraine)., (3) Architect, urbanist, Laureate of the State Prize for Architecture (Kharkiv, Ukraine)., (4) Professor of Geography and Ecology Department, Kherson State University, Doctor of Geography, Professor (Kherson, Ukraine), (5) Deputy Director for Research, Head of the GIS Center of State Enterprise “DIPROMISTO”, Doctor of Geography, Professor (Kyiv, Ukraine), (6) Professor, Department of Geography and Ecology, Kherson State University, Doctor of Geography, Professor (Kherson, Ukraine)

 
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1147 | 71 | Reconstruct Ukraine. Towards a circular strategy | Jacopo Galli

Postwar Reconstruction can be the chance to construct positive cycles that tend to join different design scales and subjects, thus reconnecting the production of urban spaces to the complex entanglement of technical and societal factors that define them. The definition and control of a settlement’s principles and of its possible evolutive trajectories can be matched with the individuation and development of appropriate technologies (Schumacher 1973), both in terms of sustainable transformation of natural resources and enrichment of social capital (Putnam 2000). Building construction can be linked to material production and constructive techniques in a process that aspires to the definition of circular models interconnected with each other at different scales._x000D_
Agricultural production, energy provision, water management, transformation mechanisms, industrial processes, and city-making can be imagined as crossed rings where intervention into a single element can trigger major changes in other parts of the mechanism. Technologies that require the smallest possible amount of external support should be favored, not in an anti-historical autarkic vision but in a process of maximization of local development (Sachs 1974) that matches large-scale knowledge and information networks with small-scale territorial and urban transformations. _x000D_
The adaptation of technological means can be conducted through the transformation of resources and objectives in terms of input and output that can shrink and expand the conceptual model and its spatial implications. Design experts are called on to continuously define the porous borders of these processes, accounting for their impact on the modification of urban environments. Rather than a specific spatial configuration, the design aims for the definition of a fluid mechanism that can be continuously adapted and recalibrated while maintaining the clarity of its final goal.

Jacopo Galli
Università Iuav di Venezia, Venice, Italy

 
ID Abstract: 71

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1147 | 172 | Cultural landscape heritage in the strategy of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine | Kateryna Polyvach

Ukraine possesses a vast cultural and natural heritage (CNH), but significantly lags behind in applying the cultural landscape approach, recognized as one of the fundamental and effective tools of preserving CNH._x000D_
The state of cultural landscapes has been a long-standing concern, which has been significantly exacerbated by the full-scale armed russian aggression against Ukraine, as a result of which, among other things, over 1000 cultural heritage sites were destroyed or damaged, and 20% of natural protected areas were affected._x000D_
Addressing this situation must be an essential component of Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction strategy, and must be ensured through the further implementation of state cultural, environmental, and urban planning policies, in strategic and spatial planning at different levels._x000D_
An important consequence of such decision could be the acceleration of Ukraine’s implementation of international legal obligations and tasks (including the European Landscape Convention) in connection with the official acquisition of candidate status for EU membership._x000D_
One of these tasks should be the identification and mapping of domestic cultural landscapes. Given the complete absence of legislative, normative, methodological, and scientific support for this process, the creation of an electronic atlas “Cultural Landscape Heritage of Ukraine” is considered as an initial stage._x000D_
For the purposes of mapping, cultural landscape refers to a holistic image of a cultural-natural local territorial formation that is a common product of the historical and contemporary interaction of given society and its environment of significant cultural importance, which is valued and protected for its cultural (material and spiritual) and natural qualities._x000D_
The atlas is planned to present approximately 2,000 of the most significant cultural landscapes, the typological classification of which consists of 25-30 types grouped into 8 groups (will be improved in the process of work).

Kateryna Polyvach
Institute of Geography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

 
ID Abstract: 172

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1144 | | The reindustrialization of Europe: a nightmare, a wish or a hope? | Xosé Somoza Medina (1)

Since the first decade of the 21st century, there have been different events that force us to rethink the future of globalization. The different climatic, economic, pandemic, energy and war crises show that the current system is unsustainable in the medium term. Today we can see the episode of the obstruction of the Suez Canal by the Ever Given container ship in March 2021 as a metaphor for the end of the cycle, for the passage of globalization towards a new world regionalization.
In this period, the industrial sovereignty of each region and country is debated from different points of view, calling into question the resilience of a fundamental sector for the progress of nations. Meanwhile, the advances in new technologies and the pressure of consumer society allow reshoring, the return of industrial production plants to developed countries, to be a growing and vital trend for the future of Europe or the United States.
In this context, the session proposes to investigate the reality of this process of “Reindustrialization of Europe”. Reshoring, nearshoring, onshoring, backshoring, are terms that are opposed to offshoring, which characterized the expansion of globalization and the new international division of labour. The crises in global supply chains cause large corporations to rethink their development strategy and in these new plans factors arise that can determine a new life for European industrialized spaces, beyond their conversion into industrial heritage.
The session invites researchers to present communications that allow answering these or similar questions: Is it sustainable to continue with the deindustrialization of Europe? What should be the role of public institutions in this new dynamic? What examples exist in the different industrial branches that verify this trend?, What are the real dimensions of reshoring in Europe?, What reasons motivate the transfer of industries from third countries to the European continent?, What is the result on the local level of the implementation of new factories? Can the industrialization of a territory reverse the processes of demographic emptying? The session will be managed in English, although communications may be sent in any of the languages ​​of the congress. Presentations will preferably be in English

Xosé Somoza Medina (1)
(1) University of León (Spain)

 
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1144 | 200 | Reshoring in a de-globalized world. The role of traditional production factors | Somoza Medina, Xosé

The phenomenon of industrial relocation or “reshoring”, as opposed to the widespread process of dislocation or “offshoring”, typical of globalization, is a relatively scarcely extended business strategy, although the successive crises in global supply chains, geopolitical tensions or the effects of the pandemic have placed this possibility on the political agenda, with declarations and specific action programs that seek to promote industrial relocation in developed countries. The United States, Germany, Australia or the European Union itself have discussed the possibilities of increasing the weight of the industry to relaunch their economies._x000D_
The phenomenon of industrial relocation began to develop in the first decade of the 21st century, partly in response to increasing instability in global supply chains and rising energy costs. These two elements, far from showing a positive dynamic in recent years, have increased their worst effects on the world market, leading some authors to consider whether we are facing a new model of globalization._x000D_
This communication aims to analyze the main obstacles that can stop this type of initiative in industrial companies, analyzing the recent evolution of the factors of production on a global scale._x000D_

Somoza Medina, Xosé
University of León

 
ID Abstract: 200

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1144 | 348 | Local impacts of investments in the automotive industry in Poland | Wojciech Dyba

Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries have been the site of many Foreign Direct Investments in the automotive sector over the past two decades. FDIs are known to bring positive impacts on national economies, but also local development, which is well illustrated by the concepts of multiplier effects and corporate social responsibility (constituting theoretical background for the study). The research aimed at: 1) investigating conditions for and effects (local impacts) of investments in the automotive industry in Poland, 2) analysing electromobility as a chance for further development of the automotive industry in Poland and Europe._x000D_
The case study for the research are Volkswagen plants in Western Poland, in particular Volkswagen-Crafter production plant opened in 2016 in Białężyce near Września (Greater Poland region), one of the largest greenfield investments in western Poland after 1990. On the basis of data obtained from the company representatives and local self-government authorities, numerous benefits for local residents and the environment resulting from the actions undertaken at Volkswagen have been described. Questionnaire surveys among residents have shown that the main benefits of the plant are new jobs creation, new municipal and infrastructure investments, an increase in Września’s prestige, an increase in turnovers in the service sector as well as the creation of new block estates and establishments of new companies (many cooperating with Volkswagen)._x000D_
The prospects for the future in the automotive sector will be analysed by selected examples of investments in the electromobility sector. It is a technological trend supported by European and national policies driven by the fight for clean environment and mitigation of climate change. Production of electric vehicles and components to these vehicles may create lots of opportunities for reindustrialisation of Europe in the years to come. _x000D_

Wojciech Dyba
Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan

 
ID Abstract: 348

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